About pressing of tablets

Determination of the dosage form "pills" Tablets (Tablet ) (Latin tabella - plank / tile, tabula - board) - a solid dosage form of a given dose, designed for domestic sublingual, parenteral or implant application and obtained by pressing mixtures of medicinal substances and excipients.
First mentioned in the history of the tablet in the middle of the 19th century. The first major Russian tablets the workshop was opened in St. Petersburg in 1895. In our time, the proportion of tablets is about 80% of the total mass produced dosage forms and are one of the most promising and common dosage forms. This situation can be explained by a number of advantages over other tablet dosage forms, such as: the exact dosage administration of drugs in tablet, portability, which allows easy transportation, supply and storage of the dosage form; retentive compacted state in LP (if necessary can be applied to the protective coating on the insufficiently stable substance); hide unpleasant organoleptic properties LP (smell, taste, coloring power) method of applying the shell; localization effects LP at a specific location of the gastrointestinal tract by applying soluble in alkaline or acidic medium shells; prolongation effects by applying the LP shell; ordered in regular intervals consistent absorption of  (multilayer) separate tablets of drugs, a combination of incompatible (countervailing) on ​​the physicochemical properties of drugs.
Although some positive qualities such dosage forms as tablets, and they have certain disadvantages: the tablets during storage may deteriorate, or, conversely, to lose disintegration and cemented; tablet when administered into the body can sometimes cause side effects (e.g., irritation of the mucous membranes talc), some drugs can cause severe irritation of forming highly concentrated solutions in the dissolution zone. In this case, to avoid irritation to the use of such tablets need to crush and dissolve a certain amount of water when vomiting or unconscious state tablet impossible to introduce into the body, and some patients find it difficult to swallow tablets, especially children. Tablets are a different shape plate - flat and biconvex round, oval disks. Most common form of Valium with a facet, as well as convenient for swallowing shape. In addition, the most convenient forms of tablets from the standpoint of production technology and packaging. Such tablets are packaged simply and compactly, and the mold (die and punches) for the production of structurally much simpler and, consequently, economically advantageous. Tablets may also be cylindrical in shape.
The range of diameters ranging from 3 tablets millimeters to 25 millimeters, of which the most common dimensions of tablets - 4 to 12 millimeters. Tablets with a diameter exceeding 25 mm referred to as "briquettes". As regards the height of tablets, it should be 30-40% of the predetermined diameter. Sometimes the surface of tablets coated labels (e.g., drug name) in the form of indented imprint because prominent characters will be subject to abrasion and destruction at the end of tablets. The tablets with a diameter of 9 mm and a punch-pressing process is applied risk (notching). Through such incisions the tablets can be easily and accurately enough to break into two or four portions to vary the dose of the drug. The tablets can be divided into the following classes: Compressed tablets - made by pressing on tablet machines medicinal powders. This is the main method for producing tablets.  tablets (caplets) - molded mass of tableting. This class of tablets produced in such cases where, for whatever reason do not wish to use pressure (for example, using pressure on nitroglycerin tablets may explode), or the dose of drugs is so small that it is inappropriate to add a large number of auxiliaries. Such tablets may be up to 0.05 grams of the mass.
Coated and uncoated tablets - coated tablet of the in one or more layers of the uncoated tablet. Effervescent tablets - dissolve before use. Enteric (or gastro-resistant) tablet - is a tablet which release drugs only in intestinal juice while keeping them in gastric juice. The modified-release tablet - is a tablet, which contain either specific, or produced by a special technology that allows the programming of the speed or location of release of LP. Retard tablets are usually surrounded by a biopolymer matrix (base) micro beads with the drug substance. These tablets with prolonged (or periodic) release of the reserve of medicinal substances. Such tablets basis or micro beads, dissolving layers, release another batch of LP..

To all the questions related with production of tablets you can find answers on resource www.Tabletpress.ru